Which fish species are dominant in waters where phytoplankton and rooted plant production are high?

The correct answer highlights the species that thrive in environments characterized by high levels of phytoplankton and rooted plant production. Bass and bluegill, for instance, are known to be part of a community that benefits from such ecological conditions. These species often occupy warm, weedy, and nutrient-rich waters, where abundant plant life provides both habitat and food sources, particularly in the form of smaller organisms attracted to the dense vegetation and phytoplankton blooms.

Bass are predatory fish that feed on smaller fish and invertebrates, which are plentiful in high-production aquatic ecosystems. Bluegill, on the other hand, serve as both prey for larger fish and as a species that benefits from the abundant invertebrate and planktonic food web that thrives in flourishing aquatic environments. This interdependent relationship among different species and the ecosystem's health is critical for their dominance.

In contrast, the other species listed are less representative of ecosystems with high phytoplankton and rooted plant populations or are not as well adapted to those conditions. Trout and salmon typically prefer cooler, clearer waters with lower nutrient levels. Catfish and carp may do well in certain settings but are usually indicators of more turbid environments with different ecological dynamics. Goldfish and gupp