Which fish species are typically found in waters where phytoplankton and rooted plant production are low?

The fish species that are typically found in waters where phytoplankton and rooted plant production are low include trout and salmon. These species are often associated with cold, clear waters that are well-oxygenated and may contain less aquatic vegetation and phytoplankton compared to more productive systems.

Trout and salmon thrive in high-gradient, cooler environments that are often characterized by a limited nutrient supply. In these habitats, the low productivity does not support large populations of forage species that require abundant phytoplankton or highly productive plant life. Instead, these fish are adapted to feed on smaller fish, invertebrates, or other organisms that can survive in such conditions.

In contrast, the other fish species listed typically prefer environments with more dense vegetation and higher primary productivity. For instance, species like bass, bluegill, and crappie are known for their association with warm, fertile waters where abundant plant life supports a diverse food web. Similarly, tilapia and perch thrive in more nutrient-rich environments that support higher levels of plankton and rooted plants.